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AtВ 147 feet (44.81 meters) tall, the Wainwright's 10 stories are more significant in architectural history than a skyscraper 10 times this height.В This early skyscraper has been called one of the ten buildings that changed America. The Wainwright Building, constructed betweenВ 18, still stands at 709 Chestnut Street in St. In his essay The Tyranny of the Skyscraper, architect Frank Lloyd Wright, an apprentice to Sullivan, called the Wainwright Building 'the very first human expression of a tall steel office-building as Architecture.' It must be every inch a proud and soaring thing, rising in sheer exultation that from bottom to top it is a unit without a single dissenting line.' ( The Tall Office Building Artistically Considered, 1896, by Louis Sullivan) The force and power of altitude must be in it the glory and pride of exaltation must be in it. Louis Sullivan wrote that the skyscraper 'must be tall, every inch of it tall.

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The top story is decorated with round windows and terra cotta leaf scroll ornaments inspired by the Notre-Dame de Reims in France.

Between the piers are horizontal panels decorated with leaf ornamentation.

The next seven stories are uninterrupted red brick.

The first two stories are unornamented brown sandstone with large, deep windows.

Raymond Boyd/Getty ImagesДesigned by Louis Sullivan and Dankmar Adler, the Wainwright Building, namedВ after Missouri brewer Ellis Wainwright, became a prototype for designing (not engineering) the modern day office buildings.В To empathize the height, architect Louis Sullivan used a three-part composition: Louis Sullivan's Form and Function The Wainwright Building in St. Jenney has been called 'Father of the American Skyscraper' not only for completing this building first among the Chicago School architects, but also for mentoring important designers such as Daniel Burnham, William Holabird, and Louis Sullivan. The Home Insurance Building, demolished in 1931, is considered by many historians to be the very first skyscraper, even though architects' plans for using the steel cage building technique were all over Chicago at the time. Steel framing allowed buildings to rise and 'scrape the sky.' Earlier cast-iron buildings, such as the shorter 1857 Haughwout Building in New York City, used a similar frame construction technique, but cast-iron is no match to steel in terms of strength. Steel beams would support a building's height, on which the 'skin' or exterior walls, like cast-iron facades, could hang or be attached. William LeBaron Jenney, an engineer and urban planner, used a new metal material, steel, to create a stronger, lighter framework. Until the mid-1800s, tall buildings and towers were structurally supported by thick, stone or earthen walls.

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Reaching a height of 138 feet (expanded to 180 feet in 1890), the Home Insurance Building was a full 10 stories high, with two more stories added in 1890. At the Corner of Adams and LaSalle Streets in Chicago, Illinois, stood the 1885 prototype for buildings yet to be built. Bettmann/Getty Images (cropped)ДЄfter the Great Chicago Fire of 1871 destroyed much of the city's wooden buildings, William LeBaron Jenney designed a more fire-resistant structure framed with interior steel. Considered the First American Skyscraper, the Home Insurance Building Built in 1885 by William LeBaron Jenney.